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To get started with this, create a class that extends FabricAdvancementProvider and register it in your datagen entrypoint like so:

private static class MyAdvancementGenerators extends FabricAdvancementProvider {
 
     protected MyAdvancementGenerators(FabricDataGenerator dataGenerator) {
         super(dataGenerator);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void generateAdvancement(Consumer<Advancement> consumer) {
         // ...
     }
}
 
// ...
 
@Override
public void onInitializeDataGenerator(FabricDataGenerator fabricDataGenerator) {
    // ...
    fabricDataGenerator.addProvider(MyAdvancementGenerators::new);
    // ...
}

Advancements

A quick summary, to create an advancement, you need a parent advancement. A parent advancement is an advancement tab, that's all.

The recommended way to make advancements by the type of advancements you are making followed by 'AdvancementGenerator'.

CAUTION: Before reading more of this, we recommend to read the Block tutorial first.

For this example, we are going to trigger our custom advancement when the user mines our example block.

ADVANCEMENT GENERATOR

first, create a generator class like so:

private static class CustomAdvancementsGenerator implements Consumer<Consumer<Advancement>> {
 
    @Override
    public void accept(Consumer<Advancement> consumer) {
	// This is our advancement
	// The difference: 
 
	Advancement parentAdvancement = Advancement.Builder.create()
		.display(Tutorial.EXAMPLE_BLOCK, Text.translatable("advancements.custom.title"),
			Text.translatable("advancements.custom.description"),
			new Identifier("textures/gui/advancements/backgrounds/husbandry.png"),
			AdvancementFrame.TASK,
			// whether to show a toast that appears on the top-right corner
			false,
			// whether to announce to chat
			false,
			// whether its hidden in the advancement tab
			false)
		.build(consumer, "custom/root");
 
	Advancement exampleBlockAdvancement = Advancement.Builder.create()
		.parent(parentAdvancement)
		.criterion("inventory_changed", InventoryChangedCriterion.Conditions.items(Items.ACACIA_BOAT))
		.build(consumer, "custom/example_block_in_inventory");
    }
}

Now that we created our advancement in our generator, we register it in our advancements:

private static class MyAdvancementGenerators extends FabricAdvancementProvider {
     private final List<Consumer<Consumer<Advancement>>> generators = Util.make(Lists.newArrayList(), list -> {
          list.add(new CustomAdvancementsGenerator());
     });
 
     protected MyAdvancementGenerators(FabricDataGenerator dataGenerator) {
         super(dataGenerator);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void generateAdvancement(Consumer<Advancement> consumer) {
         list.forEach(i -> i.accept(consumer));
     }
}

Let's run our datagen run config and the advancements jsons are waiting for us!