tutorial:commands
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tutorial:commands [2020/05/07 20:12] – Amend to use new API i509vcb | tutorial:commands [2020/06/14 01:13] – [Creating Commands] Slight clarification i509vcb | ||
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====== Creating Commands ====== | ====== Creating Commands ====== | ||
- | Creating commands can allow a mod developer to add functionality that a player | + | Creating commands can allow a mod developer to add functionality that can used through a command. |
- | This tutorial will teach you how to register commands, and the command structure of Brigadier | + | This tutorial will teach you how to register commands, and the general |
- | ===== Registering Commands ===== | + | Note: All code written here was written for 1.14.4. Some mappings may have changed in yarn, but all code should still be applicable. |
- | If you just want to see how to register commands you've come to the right place here. | + | ===== Registering Commands ===== |
Registering commands is done by registering a new listener in the '' | Registering commands is done by registering a new listener in the '' | ||
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<code java [enable_line_numbers=" | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
- | // The actual registration of commands can be delegated to another class via a method | + | // Method |
CommandRegistrationCallback.EVENT.register(TutorialCommands:: | CommandRegistrationCallback.EVENT.register(TutorialCommands:: | ||
- | // Or you can define every command within the event listener | + | // Using a lambda |
CommandRegistrationCallback.EVENT.register((dispatcher, | CommandRegistrationCallback.EVENT.register((dispatcher, | ||
- | | + | // This command will be registered regardless of the server being dedicated or integrated |
+ | TutorialCommand.register(dispatcher); | ||
if (dedicated) { | if (dedicated) { | ||
- | | + | // This command will only be registered on a dedicated server |
+ | TutorialHelpCommand.register(dispatcher); | ||
} else { | } else { | ||
- | | + | // This command will only be registered on an integrated server. |
+ | // Commands which call client only classes and methods should be registered in your ClientModInitializer | ||
+ | IntegratedTutorialHelpCommand.register(dispatcher); | ||
} | } | ||
}); | }); | ||
- | + | ||
- | CommandRegistrationCallback.EVENT.register((dispatcher, | + | // Or register directly |
- | dispatcher.register(LiteralArgumentBuilder.literal(" | + | CommandRegistrationCallback.EVENT.register((dispatcher, |
+ | dispatcher.register(LiteralArgumentBuilder.literal(" | ||
}); | }); | ||
</ | </ | ||
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// Then add an argument named bar that is an integer | // Then add an argument named bar that is an integer | ||
.then(CommandManager.argument(" | .then(CommandManager.argument(" | ||
- | // The command to be executed if the command " | + | |
.executes(ctx -> { | .executes(ctx -> { | ||
System.out.println(" | System.out.println(" | ||
- | | + | |
return 1; | return 1; | ||
- | | + | |
// The command " | // The command " | ||
.executes(ctx -> { | .executes(ctx -> { | ||
Line 56: | Line 61: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | The main process registers the command | + | The main process registers the command |
- | Since the root node must be literal, The sender must enter the exact same sequence of letters to execute the command, so "Foo", "fOo" | + | Since the root node must be literal, The sender must enter the exact same sequence of letters to execute the command, so '' |
===== Brigadier Explained ===== | ===== Brigadier Explained ===== | ||
- | Brigadier starts with the '' | + | Brigadier starts with the '' |
- | The trunk of the tree is the CommandDispatcher. | + | |
- | The register(LiteralArgumentBuilder) methods specify | + | Command nodes are similar to the branches |
- | The executes blocks can be seen at the leaves of the tree where it ends and also supplies the outcome of the system. | + | |
- | The execute blocks specify the command to be ran. As Brigadier' | + | The execute blocks specify the command to be ran. As Brigadier' |
==== CommandContexts ==== | ==== CommandContexts ==== | ||
- | When a command is ran, Brigadier provides a CommandContext to the command that is ran. | + | When a command is ran, Brigadier provides a '' |
The CommandContext contains all arguments and other objects such as the inputted String and the '' | The CommandContext contains all arguments and other objects such as the inputted String and the '' | ||
==== Arguments ==== | ==== Arguments ==== | ||
- | The arguments | + | Arguments |
- | Minecraft creates some special | + | Minecraft creates some special |
- | You could do the long method of typing | + | ==== Static Imports ==== |
- | This also works for getting | + | You could type out '' |
- | This also works for Minecraft' | + | This also works for Minecraft' |
And your imports would look something like this: | And your imports would look something like this: | ||
<code java [enable_line_numbers=" | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
- | import static com.mojang.brigadier.arguments.StringArgumentType.getString; | + | // getString(ctx, |
- | import static com.mojang.brigadier.arguments.StringArgumentType.word; | + | import static com.mojang.brigadier.arguments.StringArgumentType.getString; |
- | import static net.minecraft.server.command.CommandManager.literal; | + | // word() |
- | import static net.minecraft.server.command.CommandManager.argument; | + | import static com.mojang.brigadier.arguments.StringArgumentType.word; |
- | import static net.minecraft.server.command.CommandManager.*; | + | // literal(" |
+ | import static net.minecraft.server.command.CommandManager.literal; | ||
+ | // argument("bar", word()) | ||
+ | import static net.minecraft.server.command.CommandManager.argument; | ||
+ | // Import everything | ||
+ | import static net.minecraft.server.command.CommandManager.*; | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Brigadier's default arguments are located in '' | + | Note: Please be sure you use the '' |
- | Minecraft' | + | Brigadier' |
+ | |||
+ | Minecraft' | ||
+ | CommandManager is in '' | ||
==== Suggestions ==== | ==== Suggestions ==== | ||
Line 105: | Line 117: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Loot tables specify their own SuggestionProvider inside LootCommand for example. | + | Loot tables specify their own SuggestionProvider inside |
The example below is a dynamically changing SuggestionProvider that lists several words for a StringArgumentType to demonstrate how it works: | The example below is a dynamically changing SuggestionProvider that lists several words for a StringArgumentType to demonstrate how it works: | ||
Line 129: | Line 141: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | The SuggestionProvider is a FunctionalInterface | + | The SuggestionProvider is a functional interface |
- | Though remember these are suggestions. The inputted command may not contain an argument you suggested so you still have to parse check inside the command to see if the argument is what you want if it's a String | + | Though remember these are suggestions. The inputted command may not contain an argument you suggested so arguments are parsed without consideration |
- | To use the suggestion you would append it right after the argument you want to recommend | + | To use the suggestion you would append it right after the argument you want to suggest possible |
<code java [enable_line_numbers=" | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
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</ | </ | ||
- | ==== Requires | + | ==== Requiring Permissions |
Lets say you have a command you only want operators to be able to execute. This is where the '' | Lets say you have a command you only want operators to be able to execute. This is where the '' | ||
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This command will only execute if the Source of the command is a level 4 operator at minimum. If the predicate returns false, then the command will not execute. Also this has the side effect of not showing this command in tab completion to anyone who is not a level 4 operator. | This command will only execute if the Source of the command is a level 4 operator at minimum. If the predicate returns false, then the command will not execute. Also this has the side effect of not showing this command in tab completion to anyone who is not a level 4 operator. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Nothing prevents someone from specifying calls to permissions implementations within the '' | ||
==== Exceptions ==== | ==== Exceptions ==== | ||
- | Brigadier supports command exceptions which can be used to end a command such as if an argument didn't parse properly or the command failed to execute. | + | Brigadier supports command exceptions which can be used to end a command such as if an argument didn't parse properly or the command failed to execute, as well as including richer details of the failure. |
- | All the exceptions from Brigadier are based on the CommandSyntaxException. The two main types of exceptions Brigadier provides are Dynamic and Simple exception types, of which you must '' | + | All the exceptions from Brigadier are based on the CommandSyntaxException. The two main types of exceptions Brigadier provides are Dynamic and Simple exception types, of which you must '' |
Below is a coin flip command to show an example of exceptions in use. | Below is a coin flip command to show an example of exceptions in use. | ||
<code java [enable_line_numbers=" | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
dispatcher.register(CommandManager.literal(" | dispatcher.register(CommandManager.literal(" | ||
- | .executes(ctx -> { | + | |
- | Random random = new Random(); | + | Random random = new Random(); |
- | if(random.nextBoolean()) { // If heads succeed. | + | |
- | ctx.getSource().sendMessage(new TranslateableText(" | + | ctx.getSource().sendMessage(new TranslateableText(" |
- | return Command.SINGLE_SUCCESS; | + | return Command.SINGLE_SUCCESS; |
- | } | + | } |
- | throw new SimpleCommandExceptionType(new TranslateableText(" | + | |
- | })); | + | |
+ | })); | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Though you are not just limited to a single type of exception as Brigadier also supplies Dynamic exceptions. | + | Though you are not just limited to a single type of exception as Brigadier also supplies Dynamic exceptions |
<code java [enable_line_numbers=" | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
DynamicCommandExceptionType used_name = new DynamicCommandExceptionType(name -> { | DynamicCommandExceptionType used_name = new DynamicCommandExceptionType(name -> { | ||
- | return new LiteralText(" | + | |
}); | }); | ||
</ | </ | ||
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LiteralCommandNode node = registerMain(dispatcher); | LiteralCommandNode node = registerMain(dispatcher); | ||
dispatcher.register(literal(" | dispatcher.register(literal(" | ||
- | .redirect(node)); | + | |
dispatcher.register(literal(" | dispatcher.register(literal(" | ||
- | .redirect(node)); | + | |
} | } | ||
public static LiteralCommandNode registerMain(CommandDispatcher< | public static LiteralCommandNode registerMain(CommandDispatcher< | ||
return dispatcher.register(literal(" | return dispatcher.register(literal(" | ||
- | .then(argument(" | + | |
- | | + | .then(argument(" |
- | .executes(ctx -> { | + | .executes(ctx -> { |
- | | + | return execute(ctx.getSource(), |
- | })))); | + | })))); |
} | } | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | The redirect | + | The redirect |
- | + | ||
- | Redirects do not work in shortened aliases such as ''/ | + | |
==== Redirects (Chainable Commands) ==== | ==== Redirects (Chainable Commands) ==== | ||
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.then(literal(" | .then(literal(" | ||
.then(literal(" | .then(literal(" | ||
- | .redirect(root)) // Return to root for chaining | + | .redirect(root, this:: |
.then(literal(" | .then(literal(" | ||
- | .redirect(root))) // Return to root for chaining | + | .redirect(root, this:: |
.then(literal(" | .then(literal(" | ||
.executes(ctx -> { | .executes(ctx -> { | ||
Line 234: | Line 247: | ||
}))); | }))); | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | The redirect can also modify the CommandSource. | + | The redirect can also modify the CommandSource |
<code java [enable_line_numbers=" | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
- | .redirect(rootNode, | + | .redirect(rootNode, |
- | return ((ServerCommandSource) | + | return ((ServerCommandSource) |
}) | }) | ||
</ | </ | ||
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===== ServerCommandSource ===== | ===== ServerCommandSource ===== | ||
- | What if you wanted | + | A server command source provides some additional implementation specific context when a command |
<code java [enable_line_numbers=" | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
- | ServerCommandSource source = ctx.getSource(); | + | final ServerCommandSource source = ctx.getSource(); |
// Get the source. This will always work. | // Get the source. This will always work. | ||
- | Entity sender = source.getEntity(); | + | final Entity sender = source.getEntity(); |
// Unchecked, may be null if the sender was the console. | // Unchecked, may be null if the sender was the console. | ||
- | Entity sender2 = source.getEntityOrThrow(); | + | final Entity sender2 = source.getEntityOrThrow(); |
// Will end the command if the source of the command was not an Entity. | // Will end the command if the source of the command was not an Entity. | ||
// The result of this could contain a player. Also will send feedback telling the sender of the command that they must be an entity. | // The result of this could contain a player. Also will send feedback telling the sender of the command that they must be an entity. | ||
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// The entity options in ServerCommandSource could return a CommandBlock entity, any living entity or a player. | // The entity options in ServerCommandSource could return a CommandBlock entity, any living entity or a player. | ||
- | ServerPlayerEntity player = source.getPlayer(); | + | final ServerPlayerEntity player = source.getPlayer(); |
// Will end the command if the source of the command was not explicitly a Player. Also will send feedback telling the sender of the command that they must be a player. | // Will end the command if the source of the command was not explicitly a Player. Also will send feedback telling the sender of the command that they must be a player. | ||
- | </ | ||
- | The ServerCommandSource also provides other information about the sender of the command. | ||
- | |||
- | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
source.getPosition(); | source.getPosition(); | ||
// Get's the sender' | // Get's the sender' | ||
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</ | </ | ||
- | ===== Some actual | + | ===== A few examples ===== |
- | + | ||
- | Just a few to show: | + | |
=== Broadcast a message === | === Broadcast a message === | ||
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public static void register(CommandDispatcher< | public static void register(CommandDispatcher< | ||
dispatcher.register(literal(" | dispatcher.register(literal(" | ||
- | .requires(source -> source.hasPermissionLevel(2)) // Must be a game master to use the command. Command will not show up in tab completion or execute to non op' | + | |
- | | + | .then(argument(" |
- | .then(argument(" | + | .then(argument(" |
- | | + | .executes(ctx -> broadcast(ctx.getSource(), |
} | } | ||
public static int broadcast(ServerCommandSource source, Formatting formatting, String message) { | public static int broadcast(ServerCommandSource source, Formatting formatting, String message) { | ||
- | Text text = new LiteralText(message).formatting(formatting); | + | |
source.getMinecraftServer().getPlayerManager().broadcastChatMessage(text, | source.getMinecraftServer().getPlayerManager().broadcastChatMessage(text, | ||
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<code java [enable_line_numbers=" | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
public static int giveDiamond(CommandContext< | public static int giveDiamond(CommandContext< | ||
- | ServerCommandSource source = ctx.getSource(); | + | |
- | PlayerEntity self = source.getPlayer(); | + | |
</ | </ | ||
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<code java [enable_line_numbers=" | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
if(!player.inventory.insertStack(new ItemStack(Items.DIAMOND))){ | if(!player.inventory.insertStack(new ItemStack(Items.DIAMOND))){ | ||
- | throw new SimpleCommandExceptionType(new | + | throw new SimpleCommandExceptionType(new |
- | } | + | } |
return 1; | return 1; | ||
} | } | ||
Line 350: | Line 358: | ||
dispatcher.register(literal(" | dispatcher.register(literal(" | ||
.then(required(" | .then(required(" | ||
- | | + | |
- | .executes(ctx -> antioch(ctx.getSource(), | + | .executes(ctx -> antioch(ctx.getSource(), |
} | } | ||
</ | </ | ||
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<code java [enable_line_numbers=" | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
- | public static int antioch(ServerCommandSource source, BlockPos blockPos) throws CommandSyntaxException { | + | public static int antioch(ServerCommandSource source, BlockPos blockPos) throws CommandSyntaxException { |
- | + | if(blockPos == null) { | |
- | if(blockPos==null) { | + | // For the case of no inputted argument we calculate the cursor position of the player or throw an error if the nearest position is too far or is outside of the world. |
- | | + | // This class is used as an example and actually doesn' |
+ | blockPos = LocationUtil.calculateCursorOrThrow(source, | ||
} | } | ||
- | + | ||
- | TntEntity tnt = new TntEntity(source.getWorld(), | + | |
+ | tnt.setFuse(3); | ||
| | ||
source.getMinecraftServer().getPlayerManager().broadcastChatMessage(new LiteralText(" | source.getMinecraftServer().getPlayerManager().broadcastChatMessage(new LiteralText(" | ||
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.executes(ctx -> execute(ctx.getSource(), | .executes(ctx -> execute(ctx.getSource(), | ||
.executes(ctx -> execute(ctx.getSource(), | .executes(ctx -> execute(ctx.getSource(), | ||
- | // Register redirect | + | // Register |
dispatcher.register(literal(" | dispatcher.register(literal(" | ||
.redirect(basenode)); | .redirect(basenode)); | ||
} | } | ||
- | // Beginning of the method | + | |
private static int execute(ServerCommandSource source, Identifier biomeId, int range) throws CommandSyntaxException { | private static int execute(ServerCommandSource source, Identifier biomeId, int range) throws CommandSyntaxException { | ||
Biome biome = Registry.BIOME.get(biomeId); | Biome biome = Registry.BIOME.get(biomeId); | ||
| | ||
- | if(biome == null) { // Since the argument is an Identifier we need to check if the identifier actually exists in the registry | + | if(biome == null) { |
+ | | ||
throw new SimpleCommandExceptionType(new TranslatableText(" | throw new SimpleCommandExceptionType(new TranslatableText(" | ||
} | } | ||
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List< | List< | ||
bio.add(biome); | bio.add(biome); | ||
- | | + | |
ServerWorld world = source.getWorld(); | ServerWorld world = source.getWorld(); | ||
- | | ||
BiomeSource bsource = world.getChunkManager().getChunkGenerator().getBiomeSource(); | BiomeSource bsource = world.getChunkManager().getChunkGenerator().getBiomeSource(); | ||
- | | ||
BlockPos loc = new BlockPos(source.getPosition()); | BlockPos loc = new BlockPos(source.getPosition()); | ||
- | | + | |
+ | | ||
BlockPos pos = bsource.locateBiome(loc.getX(), | BlockPos pos = bsource.locateBiome(loc.getX(), | ||
| | ||
- | // Since this method can return | + | // If null, a biome was not found |
if(pos == null) { | if(pos == null) { | ||
throw new SimpleCommandExceptionType(new TranslatableText(" | throw new SimpleCommandExceptionType(new TranslatableText(" | ||
} | } | ||
- | | + | |
int distance = MathHelper.floor(getDistance(loc.getX(), | int distance = MathHelper.floor(getDistance(loc.getX(), | ||
// Popup text that can suggest commands. This is the exact same system that /locate uses. | // Popup text that can suggest commands. This is the exact same system that /locate uses. | ||
- | Text teleportButtonPopup = Texts.bracketed(new TranslatableText(" | + | Text teleportButtonPopup = Texts.bracketed(new TranslatableText(" |
- | | + | |
}); | }); | ||
| | ||
Line 434: | Line 444: | ||
public static class BiomeCompletionProvider { | public static class BiomeCompletionProvider { | ||
- | // This provides suggestions of what biomes can be selected. Since this uses the registry, mods that add new biomes will work without | + | // This provides suggestions of what biomes can be selected. Since this uses the registry, mods that add new biomes will work without |
public static final SuggestionProvider< | public static final SuggestionProvider< | ||
Registry.BIOME.getIds().stream().forEach(identifier -> builder.suggest(identifier.toString(), | Registry.BIOME.getIds().stream().forEach(identifier -> builder.suggest(identifier.toString(), | ||
Line 443: | Line 453: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | ===== Custom | + | ===== Custom |
Brigadier has support for custom argument types and this section goes into showing how to create a simple argument type. | Brigadier has support for custom argument types and this section goes into showing how to create a simple argument type. | ||
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Warning: Custom arguments require client mod installation to be registered correctly! If you are making a server plugin, consider using existing argument type and a custom suggestions provider instead. | Warning: Custom arguments require client mod installation to be registered correctly! If you are making a server plugin, consider using existing argument type and a custom suggestions provider instead. | ||
- | For this example we will create a UUIDArgumentType. | + | For this example we will create a UuidArgumentType. |
First create a class which extends '' | First create a class which extends '' | ||
<code java [enable_line_numbers=" | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
- | public class UUIDArgumentType | + | public class UuidArgumentType |
</ | </ | ||
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</ | </ | ||
- | The ArgumentType is done, however your client will refuse the parse the argument and throw an error. To fix this we need to register an ArgumentSerializer. | + | The ArgumentType is done, however your client will refuse the parse the argument and throw an error. This is because the server will tell the client what argument type the command node is. And the client will not parse any argument types it does not know how to parse. To fix this we need to register an ArgumentSerializer. |
- | Within your ModInitializer | + | Within your ModInitializer. For more complex argument types, you may need to create your own ArgumentSerializer. |
<code java [enable_line_numbers=" | <code java [enable_line_numbers=" | ||
- | ArgumentTypes.register(" | + | ArgumentTypes.register(" |
// The argument should be what will create the ArgumentType. | // The argument should be what will create the ArgumentType. | ||
</ | </ | ||
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And here is the whole ArgumentType: | And here is the whole ArgumentType: | ||
- | <file java UUIDArgumentType.java [enable_line_numbers=" | + | <file java UuidArgumentType.java [enable_line_numbers=" |
import com.mojang.brigadier.StringReader; | import com.mojang.brigadier.StringReader; | ||
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* Represents an ArgumentType that will return a UUID. | * Represents an ArgumentType that will return a UUID. | ||
*/ | */ | ||
- | public class UUIDArgumentType | + | public class UuidArgumentType |
- | // This method exists for convince and you could just initialize the class. | + | public static |
- | public static | + | return new UuidArgumentType(); |
- | return new UUIDArgumentType(); | + | |
} | } | ||
- | // This is also for convince and you could always just grab the argument from the CommandContext. | ||
public static <S> UUID getUuid(String name, CommandContext< | public static <S> UUID getUuid(String name, CommandContext< | ||
// Note that you should assume the CommandSource wrapped inside of the CommandContext will always be a generic type. | // Note that you should assume the CommandSource wrapped inside of the CommandContext will always be a generic type. | ||
- | // If you access the ServerCommandSource make sure you verify the source is an instanceof ServerCommandSource | + | // If you need to access the ServerCommandSource make sure you verify the source is a server command source |
return context.getArgument(name, | return context.getArgument(name, | ||
} | } | ||
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@Override | @Override | ||
- | public Collection< | + | public Collection< |
return EXAMPLES; | return EXAMPLES; | ||
} | } | ||
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=== What else can I send feedback to the CommandSource? | === What else can I send feedback to the CommandSource? | ||
- | You can choose between Brigadier' | + | You use the Text classes (LiteralText, |
=== Why does my IDE complain saying that a method executed by my command needs to catch or throw a CommandSyntaxException === | === Why does my IDE complain saying that a method executed by my command needs to catch or throw a CommandSyntaxException === | ||
Line 588: | Line 596: | ||
The solution to this is just to make the methods throw a CommandSyntaxException down the whole chain as the executes block handles the exceptions. | The solution to this is just to make the methods throw a CommandSyntaxException down the whole chain as the executes block handles the exceptions. | ||
- | === Can I register commands | + | === Can I register commands |
You can do this but it is not reccomended. You would get the instance of the CommandManager and add anything you wish to the CommandDispatcher within it. | You can do this but it is not reccomended. You would get the instance of the CommandManager and add anything you wish to the CommandDispatcher within it. | ||
- | After that you will need to send the command tree to every player again using '' | + | After that you will need to send the command tree to every player again using '' |
- | === Can I unregister commands | + | === Can I unregister commands |
You can also do this but it is very unstable and could cause unwanted side effects. Lets just say it involves a bunch of Reflection. | You can also do this but it is very unstable and could cause unwanted side effects. Lets just say it involves a bunch of Reflection. | ||
- | Once again you will need to send the command tree to every player again using '' | + | Once again you will need to send the command tree to every player again using '' |
=== Can I register client side commands? === | === Can I register client side commands? === | ||
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Well Fabric currently doesn' | Well Fabric currently doesn' | ||
https:// | https:// | ||
- | |||
- | If you only want the command to only be visible on the integrated server like ''/ | ||
- | |||
- | <code java> | ||
- | dispatcher.register(literal(" | ||
- | // The permission level 4 on integrated server is the equivalent of having cheats enabled. | ||
- | .requires(source -> source.getMinecraftServer().isSinglePlayer() && source.hasPermissionLevel(4))); | ||
- | </ | ||
- | |||
- | === I want to access X from my mod when a command is ran === | ||
- | |||
- | This is going to require a way to statically access your mod with a '' | ||
- | |||
- | <code java> | ||
- | private static Type instance; | ||
- | |||
- | static { // Static option on class initalize for seperate API class for example | ||
- | | ||
- | } | ||
- | |||
- | public void onInitalize() { // If within your mod initalizer | ||
- | | ||
- | } | ||
- | |||
- | public static Type getInstance() { | ||
- | return instance; | ||
- | } | ||
- | </ |
tutorial/commands.txt · Last modified: 2024/02/23 14:22 by allen1210